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NURSING CARE AND PRACTICES

This is the practical part of whatever theory a nurse has learnt in the class room. She has made herself acquaint ant with all the relevant aspect of the related sciences. It is now time for her to put that knowledge to the benefit of her patients, her profession and her own career. This she does through a methodology which is part of what is known as nursing care and practices. It is through this that she develops the nursing skills necessary for her to perform her duties as a nurse here is the normal routine.

The nurse’s first exposure to the hospital work is to child care. In the beginning she may be assigned the duties of such simple acts as bathing the body, dressing him and looking after his food needs. She may also be put in charge of patients who have been cured but are resting to regain their original health and vigor.

Gradually, she is assigned to patients with serious diseases. She is also assigned to patients who require complicated nursing procedure to be looked after. She is then assigned to patients who have serious societal problems. By being exposed to such diverse situation, the nurse develops the necessary skills and experiences which are helpful to her situations and patients. Nurses, who are assigned specific tasks like working in the kitchen or the operation theatre, do so under the direction and supervision of an expert in the field.

THE CODE CONDUCT FO THE NURSE

Impartiality: The nurse should be very impartial in dealing with her patients. The nationality, caste, creed, status, or any other such elements should have no influence on her as a nurse and she should be able to serve the patient. In other words, the patient who needs her care and service and not a person, caste, religion, etc.,

Confidence: The relation between a nurse and her patient is based on the confidence they have in each other. In the course of her association with the patient she may be told things by the patient which are confidential in nature and under other circumstances may be very embarrassing to the patient. It is her duty to protect the patient form any exposure of such confidential facts. She should never share it with anyone, unless it is important to share from the point of view of the treatment.

Delegation of responsibility: Since a nurse is part of a team, she will have to accept instructions from those who are her superiors and also she will have to give instructions to those of whom she is the superior. The nurse must make sure that she is taking instructions from person who are (a) amply qualified to give such instruction and (b) are not qualified to the patient in any way. In the same way, when she is giving instructions, she is giving instructions is (a) fully qualified to carry out that instruction and (b) is not inimical to the patient in any way. Each patient has all the rights of the individual intact. By being a patient he does not case to be a person. It is the duty of the nurse to see to it that all the rights of the patient are protected under all circumstances. This gains added importance when she is asked to participate in research activities of which the patient is the important link.

THINGS A BEGINNER MUST KNOW

When a young girl enters the nursing institution for the first time she has no idea what is in store for her. It is all an unknown territory. And the ignorance produces in her the uncertain fear an anxiety. What will happen now? How will she go through the period she is required to stay to get the necessary education? From the overall security of her family to an environment which expects her to be held responsible for all her actions all the time is a big jump and not everybody is strong enough to brave it successfully without anybody’s help.

As the beginner would find out, each good institute treats the beginner in the most appropriate way so that she has the least amount of difficulty in the most appropriate why so that she has the least amount of difficulty in adapting herself to the regular, strict routine of the institute.

In May cases, the senior students of the institute lend a helping hand and the transition becomes very easy. With the help of the seniors, the beginner knows where she stands and how and in what direction she must proceed to be able to take to routine successfully.

A NURSE HAS A UNIQUE PLACE INI SOCIETY

We have gone into some of the basic aspects of nursing and what goes into the making of a nurse. However; what can we say in terms of the functions that a nurse has to perform/ A nurse has a unique functions without which society. For she perform? A nurse has a unique place in society. For she perform some unique functions without which society would be a much painful place. While noting down some of the quotations at the beginning of this chapter we have already found out that the nurse’s uniqueness lies in her ability to help and support the patient in all those activities which would eventually result in his/her complete recovery. Nursing another basic function lies in the same direction – it helps and supports the patient in all those activities which help him face his imminent death with helps and supports the patient in all those activities which would eventually make him/her completely free of her.

The nurse, however, is no magician. Neither is she a specialist in any one branch of medicine, surgery or therapy. If she is a specialist it is only in her ability to care for those who need to be card – the sick, the suffering.

What are those activities which eventually work out to be beneficial to the patient and towards which the nurse’s care must be geared to the fullest? When we come down to it, these activities have none of the glamour of exclusivity. They are all normal, ordinary activities. What a nurse does to help the patient is make conditions in which he can perform the following activities without any help or support or if help and support is needed it is maintained at the minimum level.

THE COLLEGE OF NURSING

Once the candidate has been successful in getting admission to the college or school of nursing, her first encounter may be with the administration section of the institute. In this section of the institute, she may find a number of personnel looking after matters closely connected with what is going to be studied.

The head of the school may be in charge of both the administration as well as the actual teaching in the institute. This arrangement has the advantage of the same person taking decision on both the counts and so is able to maintain a kind of equilibrium which is beneficial to every one connected with the institute.

In some institute, the functions of the course director and the person looking after the general administration are divided between two persons. In this case, both will have to work in close collaboration with each other to bring out best results.

BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES

A nurse deals with human beings, specially the ailments they suffer in their body and mental make-up (which has close relation to what happens in the body). It is thus extremely important that she has a fairly accurate knowledge of the human body and the functions of all its organs and parts. She must also know how a certain part reacts in a given circumstances. All this is taught to her through the science of anatomy and physiology. This knowledge makes it possible for her to be a nurse since through it she can be familiar with what ails her patient. She can also use the knowledge to make it possible to keep her free from any disease or other things which can be detrimental to her career as a nurse.

Good wholesome and nutritious food is important not only to keep oneself healthy it also helps to bring oneself back from illness and into the healthy life one was leading earlier. Each one of us require a minimum of certain vitamins, minerals and proteins needed for a healthy, trouble free life. Since food is the single most important medium through which our body takes in the substances needed by our bodies, it is important that what we eat must be rich enough in these substances to give our bodies all that we need. Dietetics is an important subject taught to the student nurse to let her be familiar with all the relevant aspects of food and nutrition. She guides not only the health of her patient, but also her patient’s family as well as her own health. Thus dietetics is an important subject taught as part of her training.